2022-05-21 05:55:08 来源 : 软件开发网
使用tkFileDialog实现文件选择、保存和路径选择
概述
示例
ImportError: No module named "tkFileDialog"问题
原因
验证
解决方法
使用tkFileDialog实现文件选择、保存和路径选择概述看了下Tkinter的文档,对于Pop-up dialog有三类,现在用到的是tkFileDialog
tkFileDialog有三种形式：
一个是：askopenfilename(option=value, …) 这个是”打开”对话框
一个是：asksaveasfilename(option=value, …) 这个是另存为对话框
另一个是：askdirectory()这个是路径选择对话框
option参数如下：
defaultextension = s默认文件的扩展名
filetypes = [(label1, pattern1), (label2, pattern2), …]设置文件类型下拉菜单里的的选项
initialdir = D对话框中默认的路径
initialfile = F对话框中初始化显示的文件名
parent = W父对话框(由哪个窗口弹出就在哪个上端)
title = T弹出对话框的标题
如果选中文件的话,确认后会显示文件的完整路径,否则单击取消的话会返回空字符串
示例#coding=UTF-8 import Tkinter, Tkconstants, tkFileDialog class TkFileDialogExample(Tkinter.Frame): def __init__(self, root): Tkinter.Frame.__init__(self, root) # options for buttons button_opt = {"fill": Tkconstants.BOTH, "padx": 5, "pady": 5} # define buttons Tkinter.Button(self, text="askopenfile", command=self.askopenfile).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text="askopenfilename", command=self.askopenfilename).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text="asksaveasfile", command=self.asksaveasfile).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text="asksaveasfilename", command=self.asksaveasfilename).pack(**button_opt) Tkinter.Button(self, text="askdirectory", command=self.askdirectory).pack(**button_opt) # define options for opening or saving a file self.file_opt = options = {} options["defaultextension"] = ".txt" options["filetypes"] = [("all files", ".*"), ("text files", ".txt")] options["initialdir"] = "C:\\" options["initialfile"] = "myfile.txt" options["parent"] = root options["title"] = "This is a title" # This is only available on the Macintosh, and only when Navigation Services are installed. #options["message"] = "message" # if you use the multiple file version of the module functions this option is set automatically. #options["multiple"] = 1 # defining options for opening a directory self.dir_opt = options = {} options["initialdir"] = "C:\\" options["mustexist"] = False options["parent"] = root options["title"] = "This is a title" def askopenfile(self): """Returns an opened file in read mode.""" return tkFileDialog.askopenfile(mode="r", **self.file_opt) def askopenfilename(self): """Returns an opened file in read mode. This time the dialog just returns a filename and the file is opened by your own code. """ # get filename filename = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(**self.file_opt) # open file on your own if filename: return open(filename, "r") def asksaveasfile(self): """Returns an opened file in write mode.""" return tkFileDialog.asksaveasfile(mode="w", **self.file_opt) def asksaveasfilename(self): """Returns an opened file in write mode. This time the dialog just returns a filename and the file is opened by your own code. """ # get filename filename = tkFileDialog.asksaveasfilename(**self.file_opt) # open file on your own if filename: return open(filename, "w") def askdirectory(self): """Returns a selected directoryname.""" return tkFileDialog.askdirectory(**self.dir_opt) if __name__ == "__main__": root = Tkinter.Tk() TkFileDialogExample(root).pack() root.mainloop() ImportError: No module named "tkFileDialog"问题原因python2和pyton3的版本问题。python3之后的版本自带有tkinter.
验证import _tkinter
import tkinter
tkinter._test()
在python3中输入以上命令进行验证。
解决方法Python2中应该写成
from tkFileDialog import askdirectorypython3中应该写成
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectorytkColorChooser ------------>tkinter.colorchoosertkCommonDialog --------------->tkinter.commondialog
其他的可以类推。
以上为个人经验，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持软件开发网。
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